Archive for September, 2008

Gene Could Link Obesity, Colon Cancer

Tuesday, September 30th, 2008

Researchers have uncovered a genetic link between obesity and the risk for colon cancer. The discovery could lead to greater accuracy in predicting who is at risk for the disease, experts say.

Research has suggested that colon cancer risk rises with increasing weight, but this finding points to a genetic reason for the link.

“We have discovered that a genetic variant of the adiponectin gene, called ADIPOQ, is associated with colon cancer risk,” said lead researcher Dr. Boris Pasche, director of the division of hematology and oncology at the Comprehensive Cancer Center of the University of Alabama at Birmingham. “This genetic variant may identify individuals who have a higher risk to develop colorectal cancer,” he said.

The report was published in the Oct. 1 issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association.

For the study, Pasche’s team focused on ADIPOQ. This gene promotes the formation of a fat hormone called adiponectin. People who inherit a common variant of the gene have up to a 30 percent lower risk of colon cancer compared with people without this gene variant, the study found.

On the other hand, the researchers believe that people who do not have this gene variant, or those who have high levels of adiponectin in their blood, may be at a slightly increased risk for colon cancer and could benefit from early screening for the disease.

Adiponectin, a hormone exclusively secreted by the adipose [fat] tissue, is now genetically linked with colorectal cancer,” Pasche said. “This is the first evidence that genetic variants of a ‘fat hormone’ affect risk of colorectal cancer,” he said.

Whether people without this gene variant can reduce their risk of colon cancer through diet and exercise isn’t clear, the researchers noted.

“This adds a little bit more to our understanding of one place where genetics plays a role in prostate cancer development,” said Dr. Durado Brooks, director of colon and prostate cancer prevention programs at the American Cancer Society. “It helps point us in some more specific directions; it adds another piece to the puzzle,” he said.

Brooks does not believe that the finding is definitive, however. “It supports some of the other work that has already been done, identifying this particular gene region with colorectal cancer,” he said.

The finding does help clarify one element linking obesity and colon cancer, but “there is no clinical application to this finding in the immediate future,” Brooks said. “I don’t think we would alter any recommendation, other than encouraging people to maintain a healthy weight.”

Dr. Georgia Wiesner, a cancer geneticist at University Hospitals‘ Case Medical Center in Cleveland, agreed.

“I’d love to say that any time we find a new gene that identifies risk or alters risk we would be able to put that into a new drug treatment or at least identify people who are more at risk,” Wiesner said. “But in this study, it might just tease out the pathogenesis of disease,” she said.

It’s already known that people who are obese have a higher risk for colon cancer, Wiesner said. “I don’t know that telling somebody they might have a specific marker is really going to alter what they are going to do,” she said. “It doesn’t mean that these people don’t need regular screening.”

Hole in Adobe software allows free movie downloads

Tuesday, September 30th, 2008

A security hole in Adobe Systems Inc software, used to distribute movies and TV shows over the Internet, is giving users free access to record and copy from Amazon.com Inc’s video streaming service.

The problem exposes online video content to the rampant piracy that plagued the music industry during the Napster era and is undermining efforts by retailers, movie studios and television networks to cash in on a huge Web audience.

“It’s a fundamental flaw in the Adobe design. This was designed stupidly,” said Bruce Schneier, a security expert who is also the chief security technology officer at British Telecom.

The flaw rests in Adobe’s Flash video servers that are connected to the company’s players installed in nearly all of the world’s Web-connected computers.

The software doesn’t encrypt online content, but only orders sent to a video player such as start and stop play. To boost download speeds, Adobe dropped a stringent security feature that protects the connection between the Adobe software and its players.

“Adobe is committed to the security of all of our products, from our players to our server software. Adobe invests a considerable amount of ongoing effort to help protect users from potential vulnerabilities,” it said in a statement.

Adobe said it issued a security bulletin earlier this month about how best to protect online content and called on its customers to couple its software security with a feature that verifies the validity of its video player.

An Amazon spokesman said content on the company’s Video On Demand service, which offers as many as 40,000 movies and TV shows on its Web site, cannot be pirated using video stream catching software.

However, in tests by Reuters, at least one program to record online video, the Replay Media Catcher from Applian Technologies, recorded movies from Amazon and other sites that use Adobe’s encryption technology together with its video player verification.

“Adobe’s (stream) is not really encrypted,” said Applian CEO Bill Dettering. “One of the downfalls with how they have architected the software is that people can capture the streams. I fully expect them to do something more robust in the near future.”

New Zealand dairy finds melamine in export product, AS

Tuesday, September 30th, 2008

A New Zealand dairy company on Monday suspended exports of a product used mainly in baby milk formula after tests found it was contaminated with low levels of the industrial chemical melamine. The Tatua Cooperative Dairy Co. stopped exports of the dairy protein lactoferrin after tests showed it contained four parts per million of melamine, Tatua chief executive Paul McGilvary said. Infant milk products in China that have been blamed for killing at least four children and leaving tens of thousands of others sickened had melamine levels of about 2,500 parts per million, he said.

Tatua said a Chinese customer told its agent two weeks ago that melamine had been detected. Further tests in both China and New Zealand on Sept.

22 and 23 confirmed the low-level contamination, McGilvary said. There were no health concerns over the product but the company was being cautious because of the melamine calamity in China, he said.

The New Zealand Food Safety Authority released a statement last Wednesday saying that low levels of melamine from a range of sources are “not unexpected in the food cycle” and could come from plastic involved in processing or packaging, or as an unintended outcome of the manufacturing process. “At these low levels, it does not present any health risk for consumers,” the safety authority said.

“There is no risk either for New Zealand or international consumers of products that contain this ingredient at these low levels.” On Monday, the authority said foods containing up to five parts per million of melamine do not pose a risk to human health, but it pledged to investigate any product containing more than 2.5 parts per million of the chemical.

McGilvary said the company had decided to suspend exports even though some customers were happy to continue taking its lactoferrin. Others customers had put purchases of the Tatua product on hold, he said.

Investigators are looking into whether the melamine in the Tatua product was introduced into the raw milk by farmers using insecticides, or by feeding dairy cows cheap imported feed such as palm kernels contaminated with the insecticide cyromazine which can be converted into melamine via animal digestion. The investigation may have serious implications for New Zealand dairy exporters, even though the country’s two other manufacturers of lactoferrin, Fonterra and Westland, have said their products were not contaminated.

In addition to baby formula, lactoferrin is used in adult nutritional powders and drinks and in yogurt. Fonterra owns 45 percent of China’s Sanlu Group, the first of 22 Chinese dairy companies whose products were found to contain high levels of melamine.

Tatua’s board is to meet Tuesday and is expected to discuss the melamine issue.

NASA delays Hubble servicing mission

Tuesday, September 30th, 2008

A problem with the Hubble Space Telescope prompted NASA to delay until next year a repair trip to the observatory that had been due to launch in just two weeks, the space agency said on Monday.

The Hubble mission had been targeted for takeoff on October 14. Launch likely will be postponed until February at the earliest to allow time for NASA to test and fly a spare computer to fix the problem.

“We’d be hard-pressed to be ready any earlier,” Hubble manager Preston Burch told reporters on a conference call.

NASA’s next mission, in which the shuttle Endeavour is to deliver equipment to expand the International Space Station’s crew size from three to six, might be moved up to November 14 from November 16, said shuttle program manager John Shannon.

Hubble’s problem involves a computer that collects and formats the telescope’s data for relay to scientists on the ground. The device failed on Saturday night, suspending Hubble operations.

Engineers plan to switch to a backup system on the telescope and test a spare on the ground to see whether it is still suited for space flight, Burch said.

Hubble is expected to be able to resume observations in about a week.

NASA has been preparing the shuttle Atlantis for the fifth and final mission to the Hubble, which was launched in 1990 and orbits about 300 miles above Earth.

The telescope has revolutionized scientists’ understanding of how the universe formed, what it contains and how it evolved. It also has taken its place in popular culture, providing images of stars, planets and galaxies splashed in books, television shows, newspapers, magazines and websites worldwide.

The Atlantis crew has trained for an 11-day mission punctuated by five challenging spacewalks. NASA hopes to find time for the crew to install the spare computer during one of those spacewalks.

“If this had to happen it couldn’t have happened at a better time,” said Ed Weiler, NASA’s associate administrator for science, noting Hubble has overcome adversity before.

After the telescope’s launch, engineers discovered its primary mirror was misshapen. NASA developed corrective optics and went on to fly four successful servicing missions to upgrade and repair the observatory.

Hurricane Kyle churns toward Canada

Monday, September 29th, 2008

Hurricane Kyle veered away from New England Sunday and sped its ripping winds and pounding rains straight toward southeastern Canada, the US National Hurricane Center said.

At 1500 GMT Kyle was moving north-northeast at 24 miles (39 kilometers) per hour with sustained winds of 80 miles an hour (130 kilometers an hour) with higher gusts, making it a category one storm on the five level Saffir-Simpson scale.

“The center of Kyle should pass east of the coast of Maine later today and tonight and move near or over Nova Scotia and New Brunswick tonight and early Monday,” the center said in a statement.

The storm is expected to weaken as it passes over colder Canadian waters.

“The system should lose tropical characteristics on Monday,” the center said.

Kyle was centered some 355 miles (575 kilometers) southwest of Halifax, Nova Scotia.

Canada posted a hurricane watch and tropical storm warnings in Nova Scotia and New Brunswick provinces.

The Maine Yacht Center in Portland, Maine, which is likely to take a beating from the storm if not a direct hit, said it had turned off the electricity and fuel lines at the marina, just in case.

“We’ve turned all the vessels toward the wind and right now there’s no panic,” dockmaster Alexandre Hofmann told AFP. “Boat owners keep calling to check on the marine forecaster reports,” he said, adding “We’re OK for now.”

Saif Ali Khan in assault trouble in Punjab

Monday, September 29th, 2008

Bollywood star Saif Ali Khan found himself in trouble Monday after the Government Railway Police (GRP) registered a case against him and four others of a film unit for allegedly assaulting a photojournalist.Khan and members of the unit of his latest film ‘Three Idiots’ were booked for assault, intimidation and inciting violence.

GRP officials said the move followed a complaint by a photojournalist from a Hindi newspaper who said he had been beaten up by the film unit staff after being incited by Khan.

The photographer was taking pictures of Khan at the railway station here Sunday. The star objected and told private security and film production unit associates to tackle the photojournalist following which he was allegedly thrashed.

‘We will arrest him soon,’ GRP inspector general G.J.S. Grewal said here.

The registration of the case follows protests by mediapersons against Khan and others.

Scarlett Johansson marries Ryan Reynolds in quiet ceremony

Monday, September 29th, 2008

Hollywood actress Scarlett Johansson has married actor Ryan Reynolds in a quiet wedding ceremony in Canada.The 23-year-old actress tied the knot Saturday at a remote resort outside Vancouver, British Columbia, reports dailymail.co.uk.

Wedding guests included Johansson’s mother Melanie Sloan and her brother Adrian Johansson, her representative confirmed.

The couple began dating in the spring of last year shortly after Reynolds split from then fiancee, singer Alanis Morissette, and announced their engagement May 5 this year.

Johansson has earlier dated actors Josh Hartnett and Jared Leto.

Sorens renews invitation to Tatas to set up Nano plant

Sunday, September 28th, 2008

Jharkhand Chief Minister Shibu Soren today renewed his appeal to Tata Motors to set up its Nano car project in the state and assured to provide all facilities. “The 100-year-old Tata company is a Jharkhand company and we are assuring Tata Motors assistance to set up their Nano car project in the state,” Soren said addressing industrialists at ‘Canvas India-2008′ trade fair here. “When we can allot huge tracts of land and other facilities to the Tatas to set up a steel plant as well as an automobile unit here, cannot we provide a small piece of land for the Nano project in Jharkhand ?” he asked and suggested that the company leave Singur, where it is facing resistance. Soren had made a similar offer a month ago when he assumed power.

Jharkhand Industry Minister Sudhir Mahto had said Tata Motors could identify land anywhere in the state for the small car project and the government would provide land and other facilities at the earliest.

‘Project Runway’ in LA stalled by NY court ruling

Saturday, September 27th, 2008

The reality fashion show “Project Runway” will not be able to strut its stuff on the Lifetime TV channel, a judge ruled Friday. A preliminary injunction was ordered by New York Supreme Court Justice Richard B. Lowe in a lawsuit filed by NBC Universal against the Weinstein Co., which produces the hit reality series hosted by supermodel Heidi Klum. NBC Universal had aired the series on its Bravo channel.

It sued Weinstein after the production company made a reported $150 million deal with Lifetime for the show. The temporary injunction bars Weinstein from taking “Project Runway” or any spinoff to Lifetime and contended that evidence showed that Weinstein violated NBC’s “right of first refusal” for the show.

Weinstein Co. said in a statement that it intended to appeal the decision, which was applauded by NBC Universal.

Lifetime said it was disappointed with the ruling and that it will “pursue all measures” to uphold its agreement with Weinstein for the show’s sixth season. Also part of the judge’s ruling, Lifetime and Weinstein cannot promote, market or air “Project Runway.

” NBC was ordered to put up a $20 million bond; Weinstein had asked the court to set a $200 million bond, which it said was the value of its deal with Lifetime. In its lawsuit, NBC alleged that Weinstein moved “Project Runway” because NBC balked at the attempt to bundle the series with other Weinstein properties that NBC wasn’t interested in.

Weinstein said that there was no right of first refusal in the contract and that NBC Universal was offered the deal and was outbid. The parties were ordered to return to court Oct.

15. “Project Runway,” now in production in Los Angeles, was expected to start airing in January on Lifetime.

Economy’s spring rebound was bit less energetic

Saturday, September 27th, 2008

The economy’s spring rebound turned out to be slightly less energetic than the government previously thought. And, the road ahead is likely to be rocky as the country gets pounded by the worst financial crisis in decades.

The Commerce Department reported Friday that gross domestic product, or GDP, increased at a 2.8 percent annual rate in the April-June period. That wasn’t as strong as the 3.3 percent growth estimate made a month ago.

But it did mark a pickup after two terrible quarters. The economy barely grew in the first quarter — advancing at a feeble 0.9 percent pace. In the final quarter of last year, the economy actually shrank.

Nonetheless, the lower reading for second-quarter GDP surprised economists who had been expecting the government to stick with the 3.3 percent growth estimate.

The main reasons behind the downgrade: consumer spending and U.S. exports didn’t grow as much during the spring as previously thought. Yet export growth was still very brisk, a key factor keeping the economy afloat. And, consumers were helped out by the government’s tax rebates.

GDP measures the value of all goods and services produced within the U.S. and is the best barometer of the country’s economic health.

Since the spring, the economy has lost traction.

“The latest tightening of the credit crunch will hit an economy that was already deteriorating sharply,” said Nigel Gault, economist at Global Insight.

In the past week alone, the clogging of the nation’s credit arteries had become so bad that the Bush administration proposed a $700 billion financial bailout to Congress in a desperate bid to stem the fallout.

Despite marathon negotiations between congressional leaders and the administration to hash out a deal, the package is in limbo. Angry Republicans are balking even as President Bush made a fresh appeal on Friday to move swiftly. “There is no disagreement that something substantial must be done.”

Commerce Secretary Carlos Gutierrez warned inaction could lead to “a significant contraction in our economy. This is very serious and important,” he said in an interview. An economic contraction over two straight quarters would meet a classic definition of recession.

On Wall Street, investors took the developments in stride. The Dow Jones industrials ended the day up 121.07 points.

GOP presidential nominee Sen. John McCain and his Democratic rival, Sen. Barack Obama, were summoned to the White House and have scrambled to assure the public they are on top of the nation’s economic and financial problems.

Federal Reserve Chairman Ben Bernanke earlier this week told Congress that failing to enact the bailout could drive unemployment and foreclosures even higher and push the economy into a recession.

The economy already is faltering. It will lose momentum during the second half of this year, Bernanke told lawmakers. Consumers have clamped down and slowdowns overseas are sapping demand for U.S. exports, he said.

Businesses in turn are hunkering down and cutting back on hiring. The nation’s unemployment rate jumped to 6.1 percent in August, a five-year high. So far this year, a staggering 605,000 jobs have vanished. The economy needs to generate more than 100,000 new jobs a month for employment to remain stable.

A growing number of analysts predict the economy will shrink in the final quarter of this year and in the first quarter of 2009 as the mounting damage of the housing, credit and financial debacles take their toll on the country.

“The bailout plan … should not be seen as a means of avoiding recession, but as a way reducing its severity,” Gault said.

In the spring, consumers — armed with tax rebates — boosted their spending at a 1.2 percent pace. That was down from the 1.7 percent growth rate previously reported for the second quarter, but was an improvement from the 0.9 percent growth rate in the first three months of the year.

Exports grew at a 12.3 percent pace in the spring. That was down from a previous estimate of a 13.2 percent growth rate, but marked a big pickup from the first quarter’s 5.1 percent pace.

One of the country’s biggest problems — the housing collapse — was evident in the GDP report.

Builders cut back at an annual rate of 13.3 percent in the second quarter. Still, that was a better showing than early this year and late last year.

An inflation gauge tied to the GDP report showed prices — excluding food and energy — rose at a 2.2 percent pace in the second quarter.

Although that was down from a 2.3 percent growth rate in the first quarter, it still remained outside the Federal Reserve’s comfort zone.

The Fed in June halted its most aggressive rate-cutting campaign in decades to shore up the economy out of concern that additional rate reductions would worsen already-high inflation. The Fed last week agreed to again hold its key rate steady at 2 percent, despite all the turmoil in financial markets and the broader economy. Some analysts believe the problems may force the Fed to do an about face later this year and cut rates again.

However, Richard Fisher, presidential of the Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas, said another rate cut wouldn’t do any good. “A rate cut was not, and is not, the cure for an economy where many banks cannot expand their balance sheets, or must shrink their balance sheets, because of capital constraints,” he said Thursday evening.